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France · EU member

Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution

ACPR · Banking regulatorMeasured

63Activity Indexmethodology →

Employees

1,046

· FTE, annual average · ACPR General Secretariat

FY2025

Annual budget

€220M

2024

Supervised entities

1,281

· 653 banking + 628 insurance & reinsurance

FY2025

Overview

The ACPR (Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution) is France's banking and insurance supervisor, operating within the Banque de France and, for banks, inside the ECB's Single Supervisory Mechanism. In 2025 it supervised 653 banking-sector establishments and 628 insurance and reinsurance organisations, and took 255 licensing and authorisation decisions. Its Fintech-Innovation unit answered new entrants' regulatory questions within two weeks in 96% of cases, and the average response time during authorisation dossiers was 9.5 days. Everything below is the ACPR's own data, from its FY2025 annual report.

Regulated sectors

BanksPayment institutionsE-money institutionsInsurance companiesCredit institutions

Leadership

  • Emmanuel MoulinChairman (Governor of the Banque de France, ex officio) · since 2026
  • Emmanuelle AssouanSecretary General · since 2026

Full board →

Figures as published by Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution for FY2025. Source: ACPR Rapport annuel 2025 (French) (Published 21 May 2026). Data as of 31 December 2025. Supplementary: Publication notice (French).

Organisation (FY2025)

ItemValue
Staff
1,046 FTE
Annual average; ACPR General Secretariat only — personnel employed by the Banque de France

Supervised entities (31 December 2025)

ItemValue
Banking-sector establishments
653
Down from 657 (2024). Incl. 323 credit institutions · 100 investment firms · 139 financing companies · 58 payment institutions · 23 e-money institutions · 10 AISPs
Insurance & reinsurance organisations
628
Down from 639; mutuals fell by 14 in continued sector consolidation
Other authorised establishments
233
217 manual currency changers · 12 credit servicers · 4 third-party financing companies
Intermediaries — commercial practices
65,000+
Intermediaries — AML/CFT
~18,000
Per Art. L. 561-2 CMF

Licensing 2025

ItemValue
Authorisation decisions — total
255
122 insurance · 133 banking. Grants & registrations 45 · extensions 15 · withdrawals 55 · shareholding changes 86 · mergers/portfolio transfers 23
Fit-and-proper decisions
2,695
1,967 banking (incl. 428 via the ECB) + 728 insurance
PSP-agent authorisations
5,281
Incl. 1,223 agents in other EEA states
European passport decisions
181 banking · 271 outbound + 183 inbound insurance
Credit servicers licensed
12
9 allowed to hold borrower funds; new regime under Directive 2021/2167
Fintech charter processing times
96% within 2 weeks
Fintech regulatory questions answered · 9.5-day average response during authorisation dossiers

Supervisory activity 2025

ItemValue
On-site inspections — prudential
87
On-site inspections — commercial practices
70
Plus 12 investigations · 1,818 advertisements analysed
On-site inspections — AML/CFT
25
vs 35 in 2024. AML chapter also reports 28 controls (incl. 3 joint prudential-AML) plus 7 on-site visits
AML risk profiles assessed
972 organisations
DORA year one
~200 major ICT incidents notified
175 entities surveyed on compliance; ~15% malicious in origin, 60% involving an IT service provider
Resolution
38 preventive resolution plans adopted

Enforcement 2025

ItemValue
Sanctions Committee decisions
4
Calendar year 2025; one unpublished
Pecuniary sanctions
€1.35m cumulative
3 fines €250k–€600k plus 3 reprimands. Low volume reflects few referrals in 2023–24
Administrative police measures (AML)
5 formal notices · 2 activity limitations · 30 follow-up letters
Commercial practices
6 formal notices · 5 disciplinary proceedings opened
Tracfin / tax referrals
303 suspicion reports to Tracfin · 81 referrals to DGFiP

Crypto / MiCA

ItemValue
PSCA registrations — ACPR opinions
8 assenting opinions (avis conformes)
AMF is France's CASP licensing authority; ACPR opines and supervises AML for PSAN/PSCA and prudential aspects of e-money-token issuers
First DLT pilot-regime investment firm
1 authorised
First French firm authorised under the EU DLT pilot regime

Notable 2025

ItemValue
First full year of DORA
~200 major ICT incidents notified — around 15% malicious in origin, 60% involving an IT service provider.
Tokenised finance milestone
Authorised the first French investment firm under the EU DLT "pilot regime" for tokenised financial instruments, and the first two specialised reverse-mortgage financing companies.
System-wide stress test
With the Banque de France and the AMF, launched France's first system-wide stress test across banks, insurers and non-bank intermediaries (25 institutions; final report expected autumn 2026).
Decade-defining leadership change
François Villeroy de Galhau presented his final annual report before leaving in June 2026 after more than ten years chairing the ACPR.
Captive momentum
Five new reinsurance captives licensed in 2025, bringing the total to 24 active captives — a fast-growing niche since France's captive-friendly reforms.

Key legislation

  • Code monétaire et financier

    French financial code

  • Code des assurances

    Insurance code

Public registers

Application portals

Recent publications

Data as of 31 December 2025 · Source: acpr.banque-france.fr + ComplyBridge researchActivity Index methodology →

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